The purpose of this Quick Reference Guide is to give 4-H club leaders, especially new leaders, an easy way to find quick answers to commonly asked questions.  Answers are listed alphabetically, usually limited to one paragraph and often suggest a source of additional information.

Additional information for words in bold can be found elsewhere in this guide.  When the word "4-H" is at the beginning of a topic name, the second word is used  for alphabetization.

The words "usually", "often" and "typically" are used frequently in the following answers.  By design, 4-H units (county/city) have the flexibility to adapt programs, activities and procedures to best meet the needs of their members and volunteers. The answers given are for typical situations and may not always be accurate for your county's program .  When in doubt, call your 4-H Office for clarification.

The VQRG is a work in progress.  Suggestions for improving clarity and additional topics are always welcome.  Thanks!  Dan Tabler
 

Achievement Pins - Pins or medals are used in many counties to recognize the outstanding accomplishments of 4-H'ers, usually related to project work.  Generally, pins are awarded to the top 4-H'er(s) in a project area, based on their 4-H record books or resumes.  Some counties also present pins to first year members, club officers and designated volunteers.  Clubs may award achievement pins to their outstanding members at club level awards programs, but must use a generic pin that is different from the achievement pins awarded at the county or state level.  Both type of pins are available in the 4-H Source Book.  Call the 4-H Office for more information on achievement pins and other ideas for other types of recognition.

4-H Age - refers to the age of a 4-H'er on January 1st of the current year.  Many, but not all, 4-H activities and contests are conducted using the following age groupings.  Clover: 5-7, Junior: 8-10, Intermediate: 11-13 and Senior: 14-18.  The 4-Her's actual age at the time of the event is also sometimes used to determine eligibility.  Generally, if contest guidelines don't specify "4-H Age", the 4-Her's actual age is used.  Call the 4-H Office if it's not clear whether "4-H Age" or actual age will be used.  To be an "official" 4-H member, a young person must have reached their 8th birthday and not have reached their 19th birthday.  Clovers must have reached their 5th birthday and not have reached their 8th birthday.

4-H Agent - see 4-H Educator

All Reasonable Efforts - 4-H is a wonderful program for young people, all young people.  Everyone in 4-H, including Educators (agents), program assistants, teen and adult volunteers and members, have an obligation to make "all reasonable efforts" to recruit and welcome new members "without regard to race, color, nationality, religion, sex, age or disability".  Club leaders are asked to keep a record of club activities to recruit new members.  The 4-H Office will ask organizational leaders to annually complete form AA-AF13 (simple statement verifying the club is open to all) and form AA 4-H4 which lists the club's recruiting efforts and  results.  The forms are usually requested in the early fall.

4-H All Stars - The highest honor a 4-H member or volunteer can receive is to be invited to join the Maryland 4-H All Stars.  You may not apply to become an All Star, but must be nominated by your peers because of your outstanding service to 4-H.  The County 4-H All Stars usually meet during the winter to consider those eligible (members must be at least 15 and have been in 4-H for at least 2 years, volunteers must have at least 10 years of service).  County recommendations are reviewed and voted on by a state committee.  In recent years, the 4-H All Star Induction Ceremony has been held on a Saturday in July in Bowie, MD.  Call the 4-H Office for more information about 4-H All Stars.

Animal Health Rules - In most cases, 4-H animals (cattle, swine, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, etc.) shown/exhibited at county or state fairs or other Maryland livestock events must be certified as disease free.  For livestock animals the process begins with the 4-H'er completing form (MDA-E-16) with every animal to be shown listed.  The next step is an examination by your veterinarian or sometimes by a vet who will examine all of the club members' animals at a central location for a reduced rate, as arranged by the club leader or 4-H Educator.  The veterinarian must sign the form, indicating the required exams were performed and the animals found to be healthy.  The signed form is mailed to the Maryland Department of Agriculture who issues the show certificate.  Allow at least 15 days before the first show for certificate to be processed.  The practice of faxing forms to MDA at the last minute is no longer permitted.  The 4-H member is usually responsible for all costs associated with obtaining the certificate.  The show certificate is good for the entire show season.  Proof of a negative Coggins test is required for showing horses.  Dogs over the age of six months are required to have proof of a rabies shot.  Additional vaccinations/certifications are required in some cases.  Contact your 4-H Educator for details.

Annual Club Plan - A written plan for the year that includes club goals, activities, meeting program topics with a time table and a list of who is responsible for each task is an excellent method of insuring the club's success.  The annual plan will help the club have a good balance of programs and activities, allow for contacting special speakers well in advance, make it easier to schedule important activities such as demonstrations and public speaking and avoid the all too typical last minute panic when nothing has been planned for tonight's meeting.  Writing an annual club plan may seem like unnecessary busy work until you begin using it.  The best time to write the plan is the first or second meeting (usually September or October) of the new 4-H year.  The more people involved in writing the plan, especially the members, the better.  For more information see: "Program Planning The 4-H Way"

Awards - Everyone likes to be recognized for a job well done, for perfect attendance, most improved performance, faithful service and many more good reasons.  4-H'ers and volunteers can be recognized at the club level, the county level and occasionally at the state or national level.  Clubs are encouraged to hold family nights where members can be recognized for their accomplishments.  The actual award can be a pin from the 4-H Source Book, an achievement ribbon, a certificate, etc.  A creative leader will find some way to recognize every active member.  4-H'ers are recognized on the county level at the annual 4-H Awards Program usually held in late fall or winter.  Most awards are based on a 4-H Record Book or Resume the member has completed that documents the work they've done throughout the year.  A few very outstanding  4-H'ers will receive recognition on the state and national level in the form of trips and scholarships.  For more information see: "Recognition in Youth Programs: Helping Young People Grow".

Behavioral Expectations - Maryland 4-H Behavioral Expectations are based on the six pillars of CHARACTER COUNTS!SM  Prior to participating in any 4-H activity or event, 4-H members and their parents must read the Behavioral Expectations and the Disciplinary Policy and Procedures on the reverse side and sign the form indicating they have read and understand both the Expectations and the Policy.  The Policy lists prohibited activities including the possession/use of drugs, alcohol or tobacco products, endangering other participants, destruction of property, breaking curfews, etc.  The Policy also includes the penalty for violating the Code of Conduct and the provisions for appeal.  The Code of Conduct is good for one year and should be renewed at the time of re-enrollment.
(CHARACTER COUNTS! is a service mark of the CHARACTER COUNTS! Coalition, a project of the Josephson Institute of Ethics.)

Bowl Teams - 4-H provides numerous opportunities for members to learn much about a subject while having fun competing on a bowl team.  4-H bowls are patterned after "College Bowl" and "It's Academic" television shows.  Most bowl teams compete with others their same age (see 4-H Age).  There are usually five members on a bowl team with four competing and one as an alternate.  Typically county winners advance to regional contests and regional winners advance to state contests.  There are currently bowl contests for nutrition, horses, livestock and dogs.

Camp - One of the best educational experiences 4-H provides is summer camp.  All Maryland 4-H resident camping programs have been accredited by the American Camping Association (ACA) since 1996.  Most resident camps are five days long (usually Monday - Friday) and are often conducted at 4-H owned, ACA approved campsites.  Most of the camp staff are teen and adult volunteers which makes 4-H camp very affordable.  Scholarships are often available.  Most Maryland 4-H camps follow a theme.  The program features a variety of activities including crafts, classes, organized games and sports and special evening programs that often feature campfires.  4-H day camps are also available in many counties.  Day camps vary in format from five days for one week to one day a week over the entire summer.  Day camps usually have a weekly or daily theme that focuses on one or more subjects.  The day camp schedule usually includes crafts, classes and organized games.  Day camps are also very affordable.  Call the 4-H Office for more information about resident and day camps.  There are also several State 4-H Camps offered including State Natural Resources Camp and Teen Focus.  Call the MD 4-H Center at 301 403-4248 for more information.
 

4-H Center - See Maryland 4-H Center or National 4-H Center

CHARACTER COUNTS! - The purpose of this citizenship program is to civilize our young to become good people and productive citizens.  The program was developed by the Josephson's Institute of Ethics and is built on the "pillars" of Trustworthiness, Respect, Responsibility, Justice and Fairness, Caring and Civic Responsibility.  You can find a CHARACTER COUNTS! activity on the Maryland 4-H Home Page.  You may also want to visit the Nebraska 4-H Charter Counts! web page which you can link to.

Citizenship Washington Focus - Is a national 4-H event held at the National 4-H Center during June and July.  There are seven different sessions offered at a cost of under $500.  This excellent week long event is open to high school age youth, not just 4-H'ers.  Those attending CWF will increase their leadership skills, gain a much broader understanding of citizenship, learn a great deal about their nation's capitol and the federal government and have fun.  Call 1 800 368-7432 to learn more about CWF or visit 4-H Council's Web Page at http://www.fourhcouncil.edu

Clovers - This is a relatively new 4-H program in Maryland designed for youth between the ages of 5 and 7.  Clover Clubs may be stand alone or part of existing community or project club.  When part of a regular club, Clovers should have their own "hands on" activities separate from the older members.  Clover clubs do not elect officers or hold business meetings.  Clovers do not participate in competitive events or keep record books.  Clovers may participate in the County Fair and similar events, in non-competitive activities, and may receive participation  ribbons.

Club Constitutions and By Laws - A constitution and/or set of by laws is a good way to assure that everyone has the same understanding of  the goals and rules of the club.  Samples of these documents are available at the 4-H Office.  A club constitution or by laws must include the "open to all" statement found above in the Affirmation Action section.  The constitution and by laws should be written so as not to exclude anyone or have unrealistic attendance or participation rules.  Call the 4-H Educator for additional information.

Club Annual Financial Summary - Beginning with the �98 4-H Year, 4-H Clubs are required to submit an annual financial summary listing the beginning balance, major incomes and expenditures and the ending balance.  Signatures of 2 youth and 2 adult members of the audit committee are also required.  This report is due in the County 4-H Office on February 15th.

Club Leaders - It takes a team of leaders for most 4-H clubs to be successful.  The team leader is the Organization Leader.  This person makes sure the club meets on a regular basis, helps keep members informed, encourages participation in county and state events.  Some clubs have an Assistant Leader who helps the organizational leader and functions much like a club vice president.  This person often helps coordinate club meeting programs.  Project Leaders are those teens and adults who have skills or knowledge in particular project areas such as foods, photography, woodworking, sewing, animals, etc.  Project leaders work primarily with those members enrolled in projects in which they are "experts".  Activity Leaders, as the name implies, are usually the folks who organize club activities including fund raisers, citizenship projects, family nights, club awards programs, trips, etc.  Teen Leaders are valuable members of the club leadership team and are often responsible for one or more of  the tasks described above.  All leaders working directly with young people must be "MCE Volunteers" (see description below).
 

Club Meetings - A community club includes five or more members and two or more MCE Volunteers who live in the same general area.  These clubs have no one project focus, as do project clubs (livestock, horse, shooting sports, etc.).  Community clubs usually meet once a month on a weeknight in a public building such as a church or fire hall.  Community club members take a variety of projects and usually work on them at home under the supervision of a parent or older family member or in small project groups with a Project Leader.

Club Officers - Most clubs elect (usually in October/November or January/February) a president, vice president, secretary, treasurer and reporter.  Other officers, who may be elected or appointed, can include: committee chairs (program, telephone, health, safety and conservation, etc), song leaders, game leaders and sergeant of arms.  Officers usually serve for one year.  The use of a nominating committee is a good way to help elect the right people for the right job and avoiding a popularity contest.  The use of a paper ballot is recommended.  A county training meeting for club officers is usually held in early December or mid-winter.  Officer training for one club or a group of clubs can be arranged, upon request.

Club Recognition - A 4-H Club can work toward recognition at one of five levels, based on the number of meetings held with a secretary's report for each meeting, have elected officers, be organized year �round, have a written plan for programs, etc.  The levels are: Charter, Standard, Achievement, Honor and Banner.  For more information see: "Maryland 4-H Club Recognition Program", 4H 419.  A state level outstanding club award is available.  The club's Annual Club Plan and the Secretary's Book are used for judging this award.  Nominations may be sent to the State 4-H office any time of year.
 

Code of Conduct - see Behavioral Expectations
 

Colors - The official colors of 4-H are green and white.  Green was selected because it is nature's most common color and stands for life and growth.  White represents purity and high ideals.
 

Community 4-H Club - A community 4-H club usually includes six or more members and two or more adult volunteers who live in the same general area.  These clubs have no one project focus, as do project clubs (livestock, horses, shooting sports, etc.).   Community clubs usually meet once a month on a weeknight in a public building such as a church or fire hall.  Members of community clubs take a variety of projects and usually work on them at home under the supervision of a parent or older family member.

Contests - For those who like competitive events, there are lots of contests in 4-H.  Most competition is by age group (see 4-H Age).  While competing is fun for many 4-H'ers, the real purpose of every 4-H contest should be educational.  While optional, competition is and has always been an important part of 4-H.  In recent years, an increased emphasis has been placed on cooperative events for those not interested in competition.  Here's a partial list of 4-H contests: public speaking, project demonstrations, bowls (nutrition, horse, livestock, etc) and judging teams (horticulture, livestock, consumer, etc).  There are also horse shows, livestock shows, dog shows, poultry and rabbit shows, bicycle, automotive and tractor operators contests.  Call the 4-H Office for a complete list of county, regional, state and national 4-H contests.

Cooperative Extension Service (CES) - The Cooperative Extension Service became "official" in 1914 with the Smith/Lever Act.  4-H is one of CES's major programs along with agriculture and family and consumer science. Maryland Cooperative Extension is part of the College of Agriculture at the University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Eastern Shore.  Funding for Cooperative Extension, including 4-H, is a cooperative effort from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the University of Maryland and the County Council.  Actual percentages vary but generally USDA and County Council each contribute about 1/4 of the budget with about half coming from the University.
 

County Director (CED) - The County Extension Director is responsible for the overall Maryland Cooperative Extension program in the county.  He/she supervises the faculty and staff, maintains the budget and facility, is the liaison with County Council and is the primary contact with the University.  Usually, the CED also provides leadership for one of the three main program areas (agriculture, family and consumer science or 4-H).  The County Director is appointed by the Associate Director of  Maryland Cooperative Extension.

County Fair - The County Fair is an important part of being a 4-H member.  Maryland County Fairs are generally held from July through September at the fairgrounds or other public facility.  County Fairs provide 4-H'ers with the opportunity to exhibit their project work.  Ribbons are usually used to show how the 4-H'er placed with blue indicating first, red; second and white; third. (See Ribbons for additional information).  Exhibiting at the county fair is the 4-H equivalent of submitting a year end school report.  Every 4-H member should exhibit their project work at the County Fair.
 

County 4-H Leaders Association - Some counties have very structured leaders associations with officers and committee chairs, while other counties have informal organizations.  Some groups meet monthly, others; bi-monthly or quarterly and still others; annually or as the need arises.  The purpose for a 4-H leaders organization is usually to assist in the overall county 4-H program planning, implementation and evaluation.  Membership is usually open to all interested teen and adult volunteers.  In some cases, a one club, one vote system is used.  A county 4-H leaders association is a good way to improve communications, involve more people in the planning process and spread the work load.  County 4-H leaders associations are often the primary fund raisers and activity sponsors of the local 4-H program.

CSREES - Cooperative States Research, Education and Extension Service is the USDA agency responsible for 4-H and Extension.  CSREES/USDA is our federal partner.  A small group of National 4-H Program Leaders provide overall leadership for a wide variety of programs conducted at the state and county levels.  CSREES also coordinates a number of programs with National 4-H Council.  Call 202 447-5516 to learn more about CSREES or visit their web page at: www.reeusda.gov/new/CSREES.htm

Dean and Director - The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Maryland Cooperative Extension  is the State Director, who is also the Dean of the College of Agriculture at the University of Maryland at College Park.  Dr. Thomas Fretz currently holds this position.  The Chief Operating Officer (COO) and the person who provides day to day supervision is the Associate Director.  Dr. James Wade currently holds this position.

Demonstration - A project demonstration is a great way to introduce 4-H'ers to public speaking, a valuable life skill.  Every 4-H'er should have the opportunity to present at least one demonstration each year at a club meeting. A demonstration, also known as a Visual Presentation is somewhat like show and tell.  The 4-H'er should choose something they've learned in their project they'd like to share with the club, how to make cookies for example.  A good demonstration has three parts: introduction, body and summary.  Posters may be used to help explain something not easily seen or when a list of information is provided, such as a recipe.  The annual County Demonstration Contest is organized with 4-H'ers competing against others in their same age groups (see "4-H Age").  For more information see: "Know How, Show How, Tell How", 4-H 41 or "4-H Presents", 4-H 416.

Dues - Most Maryland 4-H Clubs do not collect dues from their members.  If dues are collected, all of the money stays in the club.  There are no county, state or national 4-H dues, membership fees or enrollment fees, however, some counties may charge a small fee to cover the cost of insurance, mailing newsletters, etc.  If a club decides to collect dues, the amount should not be so high as to make it difficult for members to pay them, particularly  when several members of the same family belong to the club.  If dues are collected, there should be a budgeted purpose for the money, such as accident insurance, resource materials, special club activities, etc.

E.A.C. - The Extension Advisory Council is made up of at least 9 citizens who represent a diverse cross section of the county/city.  Members typically include representatives from major program areas including 4-H, agriculture, family and consumer sciences and a member of County Council.  Members serve for a two year term and may serve two consecutive terms.  The purpose of the group is to review existing county Extension programs and make recommendations for future programming.  The E.A.C. also handles petty cash for Extension activities.  Checks for 4-H Events are usually made payable to the county  E.A.C.

4-H Educator - The person employed by the Maryland Cooperative Extension to manage the 4-H youth development program.  In some cases, this Educator may serve more than one county.  In a few cases the county 4-H program is managed by a 4-H Program Assistant or Extension Faculty Assistant.

Emblem - The official 4-H emblem is a green four leaf clover with a white capitol H on each leaf.  This emblem is copy righted, as is the name 4-H, and may not be used without permission.  USDA must approve any use of the name or logo at the national level; the State 4-H Leader must approve the use of the name and logo at the state level and the county 4-H Educator, at the county level.  Clubs planning to use the clover or name on clothing, signs, banners, etc. should call the 4-H Office before placing an order.  For more information see: "The 4-H Name and Emblem - Guidelines for Authorized Use".

Enrollment - All 4-H members and volunteers must complete an enrollment form when they join 4-H.  Members use form 4H 120 and volunteers use form 4H 343.  Members and volunteers  re-enroll each year, usually in September /October or January/February.  A computer generated form is used for re-enrollment.  After the form has been reviewed and updated, the member or volunteer signs and dates the form.  The whole process takes just a couple of minutes.  The purpose of enrollment is to gather information for the 4-H database used to generate addresses for the monthly newsletter and other mailings and to make sure the county and state receives credit for all members and volunteers enrolled.  There is no charge to enroll or re-enroll. Note: the new (�98) enrollment form includes a photo release statement.

4-H Events - There are a large number of 4-H activities, contests and events available at the club, county, state and national level.  New events are being continually added while those no longer needed are dropped.  A good way to learn what's currently available on the county level is to read the 4-H newsletter or visit the county home page, if the county maintains one.  For state events, visit the Maryland 4-H Home Page (see Web Page).  For national 4-H events visit the National 4-H Council home page (see National 4-H Council) or the National 4-H Site (see CSREES).  You can also find additional information under Contests above.  If you don't have access to the web, your best bet is to call your 4-H Office.  Please see the policy about what can be called a 4-H Event on the Maryland 4-H Home Page.  See Behavioral Expectations for additional information about participating in 4-H events.

Exchange, Interstate - This is a popular activity for older 4-H'ers and adults.  Throughout the fall and winter, counties interested in visiting our area usually contact the Maryland 4-H Office.  Maryland counties who are interested in an exchange will respond and begin the process of planning dates, activities, etc.  Maryland usually receives many requests for exchanges because of our proximity to Washington, DC, the Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Ocean.  A typical exchange involves 8 to 12 teens and two or more adults who visit another state one summer, staying in the homes of host 4-H families for about a week and then hosting the 4-H'ers they stayed with the following summer.  In some cases, both ends of the exchange take place the same summer.  Call the 4-H Office if you'd like to know more about Interstate Exchanges.  Exchanges with other Maryland counties are also possible.  Call your 4-H Office for more information.

Extension Office - The County Extension Office (also sometimes known by 4-H'ers as the 4-H Office) is usually located in or near the County Seat.  The building is usually owned and maintained by County Council.  Extension Educators, program assistants and secretaries are located there.  Many 4-H materials and resources are available at the County Extension Office.  Meeting space for 4-H clubs, volunteer groups, etc. is often available free of charge at the Extension Office.  The County Extension Office is usually thought of as the headquarters for the county 4-H program.

Fund Raising - Most 4-H fund raising is at the club level with the money raised kept in the club.  Try to make fund raising an educational activity and only do it when money is needed for a club project, activity or other special purpose.  First determine the amount of money needed and then the best activity to raise that amount.  Raffles are not encouraged and may require a permit.  Use caution with fund raising projects that require members to sell a product door to door.  If a product is to be sold, the 5-50-90 Rule is good to consider (product sells for $5 or less, 50% of the selling price is profit and the club has at least 90 days to pay for the product).  Provide training before fund raising starts that includes making a good impression, explaining the product or service, handling money, record keeping and cautioning 4-H'ers to never go alone to a  house they don't know.  A file of fund raising ideas can usually be found at the 4-H Office.  For more information see: "FUNd Raising" (available free from Wicomico County CES)


Health Statements - All overnight 4-H events and many other events require both youth and adult participants to provide a current health statement that is valid for up to 6 weeks.  The youth health form is 4H 420 and the adult form is 4H 498.  Both forms request typical health related information such as who to call in an emergency, the name of the family physician and dentist name and telephone numbers, vaccination dates, allergies, medications, etc.  The youth form also requires written parental permission for activities such as swimming.  A more detailed medical history for resident campers and staff is found on the back of the youth form.  A physician's signature is required for resident camp.  Both youth and adult forms are confidential and available only to the designated medical provider and event director.

4-H History - No one time or place can be identified with the birth of 4-H.  It is generally accepted that 4-H grew out of early youth development work with rural young people.  Farm boys were involved with corn clubs and farm girls with canning clubs.  This work was being done in several places in late 1890's and the early 1900's.  1902 is a date that is often identified with the beginning of what would eventually become known as 4-H.  The program didn't become official until 1914 when the Cooperative Extension Service was created by the Smith/Lever Act.  The program was known by different names in the early days when there were only 3 H's. After health was added, someone came up with a quicker way of saying the Head, Heart, Hand and Health program and the name 4-H stuck.

IFYE - The International Four-H Youth Exchange (the "F" originally stood for farm) provides an opportunity for 4-H'ers from around the world to visit another country to learn about other lifestyles and cultures and to spread goodwill and understanding.  There are several different options and various lengths of stay with six weeks to six months being common.  IFYE's are older 4-H'ers that have, depending on the exchange, completed high school or graduated from college.  In recent years, Maryland has hosted four IFYE's from England and Wales for six week visits.  Local 4-H families have had the opportunity of serving as hosts for two weeks.
 

Illustrated Talk - An Illustrated Talk is similar to a Demonstration/Visual Presentation except the talk is given using posters instead of actual items.  If the talk is about the parts of a horse, it's much easier to use a drawing rather than bringing a live horse to the meeting.  A good illustrated talk  includes three parts: introduction, body and summary.  For more information see: "Know How, Show How, Tell How", # 4-H 41 or "4-H Presents", #4-H 416.

Insurance, Accident - Before conducting any special activities, including club trips and community projects, insurance to cover accidents and illness should be purchased.  There are several insurance companies that provide this coverage at very reasonable rates ($.23 per person per day, for example).  The year �round policy at $1 per member, which covers all 4-H activities including meetings, is an even better idea.  Insurance can be paid for individually by members, from club dues, or from a club fund raiser.  Call your 4-H Office for more information about accident and illness insurance.
 

Insurance, Liability - All MCE Volunteers are covered with liability insurance under the Maryland Tort Claims Act, the same as Extension Educators.  Should a law suit be brought, someone from the State Attorney General's Office will represent the volunteer or educator.  For more information see the MCE Volunteer Policy.

4-H International - 4-H is an American idea that is so successful it has been exported to over 80 countries around the world.   Some of these international programs use the name 4-H or something similar while others have created their own name.  In South America there's a 4S program and in the United Kingdom the program is called Young Farmers.  There are a number of international 4-H programs available including IFYE (International Four-H Youth Exchange), 4-H Ambassadors and 4-H Caravan.  In recent years, a number of  4-H agents from the U.S. have visited countries in the former Soviet Union to help develop 4-H programs there.  See www.reeusda.gov.new.4h.ifye.ifyenatc.htm for more information.

Judging - Judging is a very popular activity for many 4-H'ers.  State supported judging contests include: dairy cattle, livestock, horticulture, poultry, consumer, rabbit and automotive.  Judging can be done as an individual and/or as a member of a team.  Usually the 4-H'er will be asked to rank four animals or items in a class using a variety of criteria.  In many cases, the 4-H'er must explain his/her decisions by giving the judge Oral Reasons (see definition).  Judging contests can be very competitive and provide a good opportunity for 4-H'ers to learn a great deal of very useful information about their project.

Land Grant Colleges and Universities - In 1862, large tracts of the largely undeveloped mid and southwest were assigned to each state.  The proceeds from the sale of this land was to be used to establish colleges in each state to teach agriculture and mechanical sciences (engineering).  A second land grant act was passed in 1890 to better serve minority students.  The land grant act of 1994 provides educational opportunities for Native Americans.  The University of Maryland at College Park and the University of Maryland Eastern Shore are Maryland's land grant institutions.
 

Life Skills - Learning skills that will be valuable and useful for a lifetime is the real purpose of 4-H.  Ideally, every 4-H activity helps 4-H members learn a life skill.  The seven priority life skills of the Maryland 4-H Program are: Decision Making, Acquiring Knowledge, Taking Personal Responsibility, Creative Thinking, Communicating, Understanding Self and Getting Along With Others.  See "Maryland State 4-H External Review Report" for additional information on life skills.

Livestock Code of Ethics - 4-H members are required to use appropriate methods in the care and showing of their animals.  The following practices or procedures are unacceptable: misrepresenting an animal's age; artificially altering an animal's appearance; using tranquilizers and other medications to alter an animal's behavior; surgery, injection or insertion of foreign objects to change animal's conformation; inhumane fitting/showing/handling practices; use of artificial hair/wool to alter conformation; and criticizing/interfering with judges, show management or other contestants.  The above is an abbreviated version of the code of ethics a 4-H member and his/her parents agree to when registering an animal with the 4-H Office.

Market Livestock Registration - Market animals, including dairy steers, market goats, beef steers, market lambs and market pigs, must be registered with the County 4-H Office on form 4H 446.  Market animals must be owned and in the 4-H member's possession by established dates.  Please call your 4-H Office for current ownership/possession dates for your market animal.

Maryland 4-H Center - The Center is located at the edge of the University of Maryland campus in College Park on Greenmead Drive.  The state 4-H staff and the MD 4-H Foundation has offices at the Center.  The Center also contains a large (seating for 50+) meeting room that can be divided into two rooms, a board room and a small library.  Meals and refreshment breaks are available through University Catering.  The MD 4-H Center hosts a wide range of faculty, staff and volunteer training meetings.  Call 301 403-4248 for more information about the Maryland 4-H Center.  Visit the Maryland 4-H Center Home Page at: www.agnr.umd.edu/CES/4H/4hcenter.htm

Maryland 4-H Home Page - Just about anything you want to know about the Maryland 4-H Program can be found here.  The site also provides lots of great links to other 4-H sites and those of interest to young people.  The address is: www.agnr.umd.edu/CES/4H/home.html

MCE Volunteer Policy - Maryland Cooperative Extension requires all volunteers, including 4-H Leaders, to complete an application with 3 references, a job description, sign an annual agreement and receive required training before working directly with 4-H members.  The 4-H Educator is required to check references, provide the required training and maintain a file containing the above documents and an annual self evaluation for each volunteer.  Volunteers who meet the MCE Volunteer Policy requirements have liability protection under the Maryland Tort Claims Act.  The agreement is renewed, the job description updated and the self evaluation conducted at a volunteer meeting usually held in the fall.  Call your 4-H Office for more information.
 

Member At Large - It's possible to be a 4-H member without belonging to a club.  The Member At Large designation is usually reserved for 4-H'ers who don't have a 4-H club near their home or because of a physical disability or family situation that makes it difficult to attend 4-H meetings.  Members At Large are eligible to participate in all 4-H activities and have the same opportunities as any other member.
 

Member Recognition - The purpose of recognition is to encourage and support the efforts of young people in learning to improve their knowledge and develop their life skills.  The National 4-H Recognition Model, part of a comprehensive plan which rewards positive learning behaviors in youth,  includes five types of recognition: 1) participation;  2) progress towards personal goals; 3) standards of excellence; 4) peer competition,  and 5) cooperation.  (Also see Awards)
 

Membership Card - A membership card is available, upon request, for all 4-H members and volunteers.  The member's card is 4H 59 and the volunteer card is 4H 273.  These cards may be used for identification and sometimes for free or reduced admission to events such as the Maryland State Fair and for 4-H related purchases at some businesses.  The card is good for one year and requires the 4-H Educator's signature.  Please call the 4-H Office in advance if a large number of membership cards are being requested.
 

Mission - The Maryland 4-H Youth Development Program provides a supportive setting for all youth to reach their fullest potential.  Youth learn beneficial cognitive and life skills (see life skills above) through community-focused, research-based experiential educational programs.  Achievement of this mission will create competent, caring, responsible individuals.
 

Motto - The 4-H motto is: "To Make The Best Better".  The motto suggests that the boys and girls who are 4-H members represent the best young people in the nation and that 4-H will make them even better citizens.
 

Multiple Club Membership - a 4-H member may belong to more than one 4-H club.  Membership in a community club and one or more project clubs in not unusual.  However, a 4-H'er should not join more clubs than they can actively support.  In some cases, a member may belong to 4-H clubs in more than one county, usually because a particular project or activity isn't offered in the member's home county.  Members who belong to clubs in more than one county must declare a "home county" for the purposes of competition.  For example, members are not usually allowed to compete in two county public speaking contests or represent two counties in a judging contest.  Please call your 4-H Educator for details and clarification of multiple club membership, especially where membership in two counties is involved.

National 4-H Center - This modern conference center is operated by National 4-H Council and located at 7100 Connecticut Avenue in Chevy Chase, MD, just a few blocks from Washington, DC.  A wide variety of 4-H educational programs and activities are offered at the 4-H Center, including National 4-H Conference, Citizenship Washington Focus and Wonders of Washington. 4-H Clubs and families are welcome to stay at the 4-H Center on a space available basis.  The National 4-H Center is one of the safest places to stay in the city and it's rates are among the most affordable.  Call the National 4-H Center at 301 961-2840 for more information.

National 4-H Conference - This event is held at the National 4-H Center in the spring and is attended by some of the top 4-H'ers in the nation.  At National 4-H Conference, teen delegates take the lead by serving on consulting groups to make recommendations for future directions for 4-H and by accepting responsibility on one of the operations committees to help conduct the events and functions of the Conference.  Activities include a visit to Capitol Hill and a meeting with their senator or representative.  Maryland sends a small delegation of teens to "Conference".  Teens interested in this event must apply to the state 4-H office, submit a resume and have an interview.  Being selected for either Conference or 4-H Congress is usually the highlight of their 4-H career.  Most expenses for this event are provided by the MD 4-H Foundation.  This event is sponsored and conducted by National 4-H Council.

National 4-H Congress - This is what most people consider the premier 4-H Event.  Participants are usually selected because of their outstanding accomplishments in 4-H, especially related to leadership and citizenship.  Teens interested in Congress must apply, submit a resume and have an interview.  In recent years, Maryland has sent a delegation of 24 members.  Most expenses for 4-H Congress are provided by the Maryland 4-H Foundation.  The location for National 4-H Congress for many years was Chicago.  In recent years the event has been held in Orlando, FL and Memphis, TN.  This event is sponsored and conducted by the State 4-H Leaders from around the U.S.

National 4-H Council - Council is one of two of 4-H's national partners, the other being USDA.  Among Council's responsibilities is raising funds to support a wide variety of programs and activities.  Council operates the National 4-H Center in Chevy Chase, MD, the "4-H Source Book" (aka 4-H Catalog/4-H Supply Service) and conducts a large number of educational programs including Citizenship Washington Focus and National 4-H Conference, both held at the National 4-H Center.  Council also provides leadership for marketing 4-H including the Youth Voices And Action campaign with the National Advertising Council.  Call 301 961-2825 for more information about National 4-H Council
 

National 4-H Week is celebrated the first full week in October.  Over 6 million 4-H'ers nationwide celebrate with special activities including window displays, community projects, attending a church service as a group, field trips, outings and more.  National 4-H Council provides a packet of ideas for celebrating National 4-H Week that includes sample news releases, radio spots, clip art and more.  Visit your 4-H Office and ask to see the 4-H Week packet that usually arrives in early summer.
 

Non-Resident Members - 4-H'ers are not required to live in the state where they are 4-H members.  For example, 4-H members with Delaware or Virginia addresses are not uncommon on the lower shore.  4-H membership in another state is usually because the member's home county does not offer the programs or activities the member wants.  For purposes of competition, the member is required to claim a "home county".  In some cases, multi-state 4-H membership may be possible.  Call your 4-H Office for details and clarification.

4-H Office - The place sometimes called the 4-H Office is actually the County Extension Office.  This is where the county 4-H Educator(s) and 4-H Secretary work.  See County Extension Office for more information.
 

Officers Handbook - The 4-H Officer's Handbook (4H 278) is available, upon request, for all club presidents, vice presidents, secretaries and treasurers, but is of greatest value to the president and VP.  The handbook discusses what makes good officers and the role of each.  A list of committees and their purpose, some great ideas for club meetings and a sample agenda is included.  Handbooks are also available for the club secretary (4H53) and treasurer (4H 95).
 

4-H On Line - A lot of great 4-H information that can be accessed "on line".  Start with the Maryland 4-H Home Page www.agnr.umd.edu/CES/4H/ then go to National 4-H Council www.fourhcouncil.edu and then visit the National 4-H page at www.4h-usa.org/.  Each of these sites has links to other 4-H sites and home pages of interest to young people.

Oral Reasons - Oral Reasons are usually associated with judging contests, especially livestock judging.  Oral reasons are a good method of teaching public speaking, particularly extemporaneous speaking.  After a 4-H'er has determined the placing of the animals in the class, he/she verbally explains to the judge why the animals were placed in that order.  See "Livestock Judging Guide" #4P390 for more information.

Overnight Events - As a safety precaution, all overnight events, including those of clubs, must meet Maryland 4-H standards.  A detailed list of these standards is available on the MD 4-H Home Page or can be obtained from your County 4-H Educator.  Some of the things to consider include: a safe source of drinking water, if buildings are used they must have emergency exits, smoke detectors and are accessible, adequate rest rooms at a ratio of one seat per 30 females/50 males, if more than one overnight shower facilities at a ratio of 1 - 15, sleeping quarters that provide good cross ventilation and a distance of at least six feet between camper's heads, separate sleeping areas for boys and girls, no sharing of beds.  All adults helping with the activity must be MCE Volunteers and at a ratio of 1 adult per 6 youth (ages 6-8), 1 adult per 8 youth (ages 9-14) and 1 adult per 10 youth (ages 15-18).  Health Care arrangements including access to a health care professional, health and code of conduct forms for each person (adults included), a first aid kit with latex gloves and an emergency transportation plan are required.  Don't forget to make arrangements for accident and liability insurance.  Please discuss club overnight events with your County 4-H Educator well in advance (at least 2 weeks).

Parents - Active, involved and interested parents are essential to a successful 4-H club.  The best way to get parents involved is to ask them personally.  If you can't meet with them face to face a telephone call is the next most effective method.  Sending a note home with a 4-H'er or just making a general plea for help doesn't often work.  When asking parents to help, be specific as to what you want them to do, let them know how much time will be involved and when their obligation is over.  The more specific you are the more likely you are to get help.  Once a parent has volunteered to help, give them a job and get out of their way.  If you're always the one doing everything, others will usually be happy to let you keep doing it!

4-H Pledge - The official National 4-H Pledge is: "I pledge my head to clearer thinking, my heart to greater loyalty, my hands to larger service and my health to better living for my club, my community, my country and my world".  To make the pledge the 4-H'er stands and places their right hand to their head, followed by their right hand over their heart, then both hands with palms up held out at waist level and lastly with hands at their sides.  The 4-H pledge is used at the beginning of every 4-H meeting and most 4-H activities.  The original pledge was adopted in 1927.  The words, "and my world" were added in the mid 1950's.

Project - Much of the important learning in 4-H happens as part of a project.  Members of community clubs work on a variety of projects, usually at home under the supervision of a parent or older family member.  Project club members (horses, livestock, sewing, shooting sports, etc.) all take the same project and do some of the work at club meetings.  There are dozens of 4-H projects available on just about every topic of interest to a young person.  Project manuals are available for most topics and may be ordered from the 4-H Office.  Allow at least 2 weeks for delivery.  Some project manuals are free while others cost a few dollars.  See "Maryland 4-H Program Project Guide" on the 4-H Web Page (http://www.agnr.umd.edu/CES/4H/pubs/ProjectGuide/) for a complete listing of projects and other resources.
 

Project Club - A 4-H Project Club focuses on one or a group of related projects.   Project clubs may exist for just about any subject or project young people are interested in.  Typical project clubs include livestock, horses, photography, dogs, shooting sports, sportfishing and more.  Most project clubs meet once a month in a central location, often the 4-H Office.  Project club members come from all over the county, and sometimes neighboring counties.  The theme of most meetings relates in some way to the project.

Project Record - The project record, also known as a record book, is the method used for helping 4-H'ers learn the important life skill of record keeping.  A project record has two major parts.  The first is the Jr. Members Summary Record (4-H 48).  This is the section where general 4-H information is recorded, such as offices held, number of meetings attended, committee assignments, etc.  This is a cumulative record with the work in subsequent years being added to the page.  The second major section is the project report, which is different for each project.  In this section the 4-H'er will report what he/she wanted to learn, what was actually done and what skills were learned.  The record book also has a section for a 100 word story, photos documenting project work, correspondence and news clippings.  A standard 3 ring binder is a good way to keep the information organized.  It's best to keep records as the work is done throughout the year, rather than trying to remember everything that was done just before the record book is due.  Record books are usually due four to eight weeks following the County Fair.  Most 4-H Awards are based on record books.  Older members (14+), complete a resume for state competition instead of a county record book.  For more information call your 4-H Office or ask to see a sample record book.

Public Speaking - One of the most important things a young person can learn in 4-H is public speaking.  Many 4-H'ers first experience public speaking when asked to give a report at a club meeting.  Project demonstrations are great for helping expand public speaking skills.  There are county and state contests for public speaking.  County contests may be held in the fall, winter or early spring with the state contest in early June. A 4-H'er must win at the county contest to be eligible to compete in the state contest.  There are three categories in the contest including prepared speech, extemporaneous speech and radio spot.  Contestants compete in one of the categories with others their same age (see 4-H Age).  See "Know How, Show How, Tell How", #4H 41 for more information about public speaking.

Record Book - See Project Record above.

Regional Director (RED) - The Regional Extension Director supervises the faculty and overall MCE program in one of three administrative regions (Western, Central/South and Eastern Shore).  Regional Directors are located at the Western Maryland Research and Education Center, the University of College Park and the Wye Research and Education Center.  Regional Directors are part of the MCE Management Team.  In the Chain of Command, County Directors report to Regional Directors and Regional Directors report to the Associate State Director.
 

Regional Events - There are a number of contests and activities that happen on the regional level, including camp staff training, livestock show and horse shows, etc.  In some cases,  a 4-H'er must win a county contest to be eligible to compete in the regional contest and win the regional contest to be eligible for the state contest.  Maryland Cooperative Extension is divided into three regions: Western Maryland is Region I, Central and Southern Maryland is Region II and the Eastern Shore is Region III.

Resume - Older 4-H'ers (usually ages 14-18) summit an annual 4-H resume for judging.  The resume serves the same purpose as a younger member's record book.  The 4-H Resume is similar in format to a resume used when seeking employment.  Most out-of-state trips and scholarships are awarded based on the 4-Her's resume and an interview.

Ribbons - Ribbons are commonly used as an award for 4-H project exhibits, record books, livestock shows, horse shows, demonstrations, public speaking, etc.  Ribbon colors sometimes vary but generally a blue ribbon is given for first place, red for second and white for third.  Green ribbons are sometimes used as a reward for participation if the member does not win a blue, red or white ribbon.  Additional ribbon colors are used when additional places are awarded.  For example, the State Fair recognizes 10 places.  A purple rosette is often presented to the best exhibitor in a class, section or department.  Ribbons are available from a variety of suppliers including the 4-H Source Book.  Clubs may purchase ribbons for their own mini-fairs and exhibits.  A limited number of ribbons may be available from the 4-H Office for a small fee.  Visit the 4-H Office to look at ribbon and trophy supplier catalogs.


4-H Secretary - In each County Extension Office someone will be designated as the 4-H Secretary (the actual University title is usually Administrative Assistant).  This is a very good person for 4-H volunteers to get to know as the 4-H Secretary can often answer questions and provide resource materials when the 4-H Educator isn't available.  The  4-H Secretary is usually in the office while the 4-H Educator's job often requires him/her to be out of the office.
 

Slogan - The 4-H slogan is: "Learn By Doing".  The best way to really learn a new skill is by doing it, not reading about it,  hearing about it or watching someone else do it.  We now call this "Experiential Learning" which is just a fancy way of saying what 4-H folks have known for over 90 years - learn by doing.  In a 1951 publication titled: "Guide Posts For Local 4-H Leaders", T.A. Erickson, former Minnesota State 4-H Leader and one of the founders of 4-H nationally, shares these additional 4-H slogans: "To win without bragging, and to lose with squealing", "Plan the work - work the plan", "To beat my own best record", "To be a willing follower or a worthy leader in my turn" and "To be your own best exhibit".  These slogans may be old but their messages are timeless.

Smith/Lever Act - This act, passed in 1914, created the Cooperative Extension Service.  The word cooperative in the agency's name is well chosen as CES is a somewhat unique organization with funding cooperatively provided by federal, state and local partners.  Authors of the act were Congressman A. Frank Smith of South Carolina and Senator Hoke Smith of Georgia.

4-H Source Book - This resource was formerly called the National 4-H Catalog which is a product of the National 4-H Supply Service, a division of National 4-H Council.  The 4-H Source Book offers hundreds of products including a wide range of 4-H clothing, jewelry, paper products, pens and pencils, awards, project materials and just about anything else you can think of - all with the 4-H logo.  The Source Book can be used like any other catalog including placing orders by phone using a credit card.  The Source Book is an excellent source of Christmas and birthday gifts for active 4-H members and volunteers.  Call 301 961-2934 to request your free 4-H Source Book.
 

State 4-H Awards - Information about the Maryland 4-H Hall of Fame, Mylo Downey Leadership Award, W. Sherard Wilson Service Award, Dorothy Emerson Citizenship Award, Friends of 4-H, Family of the Year, Key Award and many other awards can be found on the Maryland 4-H Home Page.  Click on the word "INFORMAL" at the bottom left of the screen and then on "Information and Forms".  Call your 4-H Office if you don't have Internet access.

State 4-H Leader - This person, also known as MCE Assistant Director - Youth and Family Programs, provides overall leadership for the Maryland 4-H Program.  The State 4-H Leader, sometimes affectionately referred to as the "Head Clover", has an office at the Maryland 4-H Center and supervises day to day operation.  The State 4-H Leader supervises State 4-H Specialists and provides overall leadership for the Maryland 4-H Program.
 

State 4-H Leaders Association - This is a new group being organized the fall of 1998.  It will provide a good opportunity for volunteer leaders from all over the state to network and share successful ideas.  The group will also provide and support statewide volunteer training and serve in an advisory capacity to the State 4-H Leader and State 4-H Specialists. Membership will be open to all adult 4-H volunteers.  See the Maryland 4-H Home Page for more information.

State Fair - The Maryland State Fair is held annually for the ten days immediately preceding Labor Day at the fairgrounds in Timonium (Baltimore County).  A premium booklet is available in late spring that lists all of the classes and rules for exhibiting.  State Fair exhibits must be pre-registered by a set date, usually mid-July.  Exhibits are ranked in places from one to ten in most classes with cash premiums awarded.  The State Fair is the largest 4-H Event of the year and includes many contests and activities, including judging, nutrition bowl, demonstrations, livestock, horse, poultry, rabbit and dog shows.  Admission is free to 4-H members and volunteers with the presentation of their 4-H membership card.

State Natural Resources Camp - One of the premier events of the Maryland 4-H Camping Program is State Natural Resources Camp.  The location of the camp moves from year to year utilizing sites such as the Western Maryland 4-H Center and the Patuxent River 4-H Center.  The camp is usually held in early July.  In addition to natural resource topics the camp focuses on leadership and team building.  The camp is open to teens between the ages of 14 and 18.  The number of participants is limited so that a high level of quality can be maintained.  Call the State 4-H Office for more information.

State Teen Council - This group is responsible for helping plan statewide activities for teens with Teen Focus being their primary responsibility.  Each county may nominate two teens to serve on State Teen Council for a two year term. There are usually four meetings per year held at the Maryland 4-H Center in College Park.  State Teen Council officers are elected at Teen Focus for a one year term.

4-H Statistics - 4-H is a big organization with over 6 million members in the U.S. in 1997.  A little more than a third (35%) live in small towns and in the country.  Towns of 10,000  to 50,000 are the home of 22% and 21% live in the suburbs of large cities.  Only 12% live on farms.  Over 1.5 million are members of 83,000 clubs and another 1.6 million are in special interest groups.  The largest program in 4-H is school enrichment with 3.45 million members.  The largest project area is plants and animals, closely followed by healthy lifestyles and science and technology.  Girls make up 52% of all 4-H'ers.  Leadership is provided by nearly 625,000 teen and adult volunteers.  For more 4-H statistics see page 70 of the "1999 4-H Source book".

Tax-Exempt Status -  4-H clubs are not required to pay income tax and do not have to file a tax statement unless an income of $25,000 or more is normally received in a given year.  In many situations 4-H Clubs are required to pay and/or collect Maryland Sales Tax.  Tax law is complicated and cannot be thoroughly covered here.  Please call your 4-H Office for more complete tax-exemption information.  See "Tax-Exempt Status of 4-H Organizations Authorized to Use the 4-H Name and Emblem",  USDA Program Aid Number 1282.
 

Teens - With school sports and activities, jobs and everything else that competes for a teen's time, its often difficult keeping them actively involved in 4-H.  Many counties maintain teen clubs that provide opportunities for interaction with teens from all over the county.  Teens are a wonderful resource and can be a leadership asset to any club.  A good way to keep them involved is to give them important jobs and getting out of their way.  Teens often relate to younger members better than adults.  See State Teen Council and Teen Focus for more information.

Teen Focus - This is a state event held on a college campus (UMCP in recent years) that provides a wonderful opportunity for teens from all over Maryland to interact with one another, improve their leadership skills, participate in citizenship related activities, learn about subjects of great interest to teens and generally just have fun in a safe and nurturing environment.  Teen Focus also provides an opportunity for teens to get a "taste" of college life.  See the Maryland 4-H Home Page for more information.


Transporting 4-H'ers - There's obviously some risk in transporting 4-H'ers, but it can be managed by using good judgment and common sense.  If your club doesn't subscribe to year �round accident insurance, request an insurance form from the 4-H Office prior to the trip. Volunteers arranging for transportation must check to make sure all drivers have current licenses and safe driving records.  Drivers must be at least 21 years of age.  Before starting the vehicle make sure everyone has their seat belt buckled.  Never transport more passengers than you have seat belts for.  Obey all traffic rules including the speed limit.  Make sure the parents of those you are transporting know their child will be riding with you, the destination and when you will return.  Try to avoid transporting just one child.  Have a plan for dealing with parents who are late to the pick-up site.  Never leave a 4-H'er unattended!

Vision - The Maryland 4-H Youth Development Program is a recognized leader for educating and helping youth to become competent, caring, responsible individuals.  The program achieves these goals by addressing present and emerging youth needs; employing a proactive program approach; using a focused, experiential designed, age-appropriate curriculum; working collaboratively with established networks of human and financial resources; having diverse programs, audiences, staff, and delivery techniques.

Web Page - The Maryland 4-H Program maintains a web page at: http://agnr.umd.edu/CES/4h/  You'll find lots of useful information and links to many other 4-H and youth sites.  You'll also find the "4-H Update" newsletter and the "Volunteer Spirit" newsletter, a list of available projects and much more.  Check it out the next time you surf the web!

Wonders of Washington (WOW) - National 4-H Council provides this "ultimate Washington experience" for youth groups (students in grades 6 - 12) of 25 or more.  Two and six day programs are available.  Lodging is provided at the National 4-H Center.  WOW includes field trips and workshops that highlight the historical, political and cultural attractions of Washington, DC.  Call National 4-H Council at 1 800 368-7432 for more information.

4-H Year - The Official 4-H Year in Maryland is January 1st through December 31st.   But, many clubs reorganize in September or October as 4-H gets back into "high gear" with the beginning of school. Call your 4-H Office for details.